First trimester.

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First trimester. *

Pregnancy as a vulnerable time

  • Pregnancy is such a vulnerable time for both mothers and babies. It’s a great time to cut bad habits out and build new ones.

    Some of the risks of smoking include an increased risk of preterm birth, stillbirth, issues with your placenta, congenital anomalies, and more. For the baby, it can cause low birth weight and decreased fetal brain size.

    DC Quitline: 1-800-Quit-Now (784-8669)

    Breathe DC’s East River Tobacco Free Project

    Quitting While Pregnant. An article from the Smokefree Women’s Website

    National Tobacco Quitline: 1-800-784-8669

  • Alcohol is considered unsafe in pregnancy, during all stages in pregnancy because it can lead to Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS). The alcohol that you drink does pass through your blood stream, cross the placenta and has to be processed by your baby’s fragile system.

    UK’s National Health Services Advice

    Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

    Strategies for Cutting Down

    Explore the above website in depth, write a change plan.

    Pregnancy is one of the most vulnerable times for you and your baby. But it’s also one of the best times to enact change and modify your behavior. Don’t carry shame into your journey, just a will to change and be better for you and your baby.

  • Avoid toxic chemicals in your environment during baby’s critical development period. Early in pregnancy is a particularly vulnerable time for your baby. Lead, mercury, second-hand smoke, radiation and chemotherapy are some of the more obvious stressors to avoid. See below for a more comprehensive list of environmental stressors.

    Women’s Voices For the Earth: Tips to Avoid Toxic Chemicals Before, During and After Pregnancy

    Rebirth Midwifery’s Environmental Care Plan

    ToxTown: Interactive Web Tool to Learn About Toxic Chemicals and Environmental Health Risks

    A potential way to combat the onslaught of pollutants in our environment is to immerse yourself in nature.

  • The Life Course Theory or Perspective explains that current health is a result of earlier social, psychological, physical and environmental events (even happening generations before you). There are protective factors for your health, as well as risk factors. During pregnancy, we want to focus on increasing any and all protective factors and address risk factors.

    Critical periods and health determinants include pre-conception, pregnancy and early childhood.

    The Life Course Framework Fact Sheet

    Protective Factors for Pregnant Women:

    • Self-Esteem

    • Spirituality

    • Pregnancy Support

    • Good Nutrition

    • Prenatal Care

    • Community Resources

    For Adolescents and Children:

    • Self-Esteem

    • Positive Role Models

    • Nutrition and Health Diet

    • Physical Activity & Recreation

    • Community Support

    Ideas for Supporting Yourself:

    • Going deeper with spirituality and refining your relationship with reading spiritual texts, meditating, praying, fellowship, and getting clearer or being more flexible about what you believe so that it supports your growth and wellbeing

    • Excavate your limiting beliefs in a safe container. This is referred to as “shadow work”. Use a coach, if possible. A framework that I like is:To Be Magnetic. I’ve also found some great, downloadable shadow work workbooks on Etsy that were very beneficial.

    • EFT Tapping

    • Affirmations

    • Seeking Therapy

    Resources:

    Shadow Work During Pregnancy

    9 Powerful Bible Verses For Pregnancy

Eating For two

  • Food: In the first trimester, you need an extra 340 kcal/day (i.e 2 a eggs and a slice of bread)

    Hydration: Drink half of your body weight in ounces of water. (i.e for 150#, drink 75 ounces of water)

    Recommended Daily Values in Pregnancy

    CDC’s Recommendation: Foods to Limit/Avoid

    Thorne: Pregnancy and Nutrition by Trimester

  • Weight gain: The Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends specific weight gains during pregnancy as follows:

    • Underweight (BMI <18.5) should gain 28-40 lbs

    • Normal weight (BMI: 18.5-24.9) should gain 25-35 lbs

    • Overweight (BMI: 25-29.9) should gain 15-25 lbs

    • Obese (≥30) should gain 11-20 lbs

    The goal of the weight cutoffs is to minimize the risks of under/over weight gain to mother and baby.

    Normal weight gain by the end of the first trimester is 2-5 lbs, but weight gain can be variable and some clients may even lose weight.

  • MyFitnessPal App or Cronometer: Calorie Counter

    Nine Golden Months: The Essential Art of Nurturing the Mother-to-Be

    Real Food for Pregnancy by Lily Nichols

Common Complications in the first trimester

  • Diet and lifestyle modification are recommended as a first line of defense against nausea.

    Second line of defense:

    • Acupressure and Acupunture

    For Reference:

    https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2565294

  • Evidence-based strategies:

    • Low to moderate intensity exercise, especially resistance training

    • Good sleep hygeine:

      • Adequate sleep, at least 7 hours/night

      • Earlier bedtime

      • Consistent sleep schedule

      • Addressing sleep disturbances

      • Low-dose iron supplementation

        Supplementing the B-complex vitamins

    Less scientifically proven but still valid (and doing no harm):

    • Lavender essential oil or lavender cream for improving sleep quality

    • Magnesium or epsom salt

    • Chamomile tea or chamomile bath before bed

What To expect in Midwifery care

  • All informed consents can be found in your Client Care client portal. These are documents that list out the risks and benefits of procedures, and need to be signed by you.

    First trimester consents include:

    • Informed Consent for Practice… usually reviewed during the initial consultation, this document communicates the most basic things about midwifery care with Rebirth Midwifery (i.e schedule of visits, usual discussion topics, equipment brought to births, etc.)

    Most informed consents follow in the second and third trimesters.

  • Initial OB Panel: Includes Blood Type and Screen (i.e. A+), CBC, Antibody screen, Hepatitis B and C, HIV, Herpes, Rubella and Syphilis

    Rebirth Midwifery uses a third party services, LaboratoryAssist, to keep costs low for clients who are having all of their care done with Rebirth Midwifery. The estimated cost of this full panel is $165.

    Another option, through FullScript is around $100. This includes the above-mentioned tests as well as Vitamin D, which is linked to preventable pregnancy conditions. All of the supplies for testing will be sent to your home and you will be required to bring the kit to our first appointment or to schedule an appointment strictly for drawing labs.

  • In Maryland law, all of these conditions are outside of licensed direct entry midwife’s scope of practice:

    (1) Diabetes mellitus, including uncontrolled gestational diabetes;

    (2) Hyperthyroidism treated with medication;

    (3) Uncontrolled hypothyroidism;

    4) Epilepsy with seizures or antiepileptic drug use during the previous 12 months;

    (5) Coagulation disorders;

    6) Chronic pulmonary disease; 7) Heart disease in which there are arrhythmias or murmurs except when, after evaluation, it is the opinion of a physician licensed under Title 14 of this article or a licensed nurse certified as a nurse-midwife

    or a nurse practitioner under this title that midwifery care may proceed;

    8) Hypertension, including pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH);

    (9) Renal disease: 10) Except as otherwise provided in § 8-6C-04(a)(11) of this subtitle, Rh sensitization with positive

    antibody titer;

    (11) Previous uterine surgery, including a cesarean section or myomectomy:

    12) Indications that the fetus has died in utero;

    13) Premature labor (gestation less than 37 weeks);

    (14) Multiple gestation;

    15) Noncephalic presentation at or after 38 weeks;

    16) Placenta previa or abruption;

    (17) Preeclampsia,

    (18) Severe anemia, defined as hemoglobin less than 10 kg/dI;| (19) Uncommon diseases and disorders, including Addison's disease, Cushing's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, scleroderma, rheumatoid arthritis, periarteritis nodosa,

    Marfan's syndrome, and other systemic and rare diseases and disorders;

    AIDS/HIV;

    (20) Hepatitis;

    (21) Acute toxoplasmosis infection, if the patient is symptomatic;

    (22) Acute Rubella infection during pregnancy;

    (23) Acute cytomegalovirus infection, if the patient is symptomatic;

    (24) Acute Parvovirus infection, if the patient is symptomatic;

    (25) Alcohol abuse, substance abuse, or prescription abuse during pregnancy;

    (26) Continued daily tobacco use into the second trimester;

    (27) Thrombosis;

    (28) Inflammatory bowel disease that is not in remission;

    (29) Primary genital herpes simplex virus infection during the third trimester or active genital herpes lesions at the time of labor;

    (30) Significant fetal congenital anomaly that directly impacts the birthing process or requires immediate emergency care, as determined by the Board in regulations;

    (31) Ectopic pregnancy; or

    (32) Post term maturity (gestational age 42 0/7 weeks and beyond).

  • Pregnancy at “Advanced Maternal Age”

    Pre-Eclampsia Risk Factors:

    To prevent pre-eclampsia, persons with 2 or more moderate risk factors should take a low-dose Aspirin daily, ideally starting at 16 (12-28) weeks until delivery.

  • Systematic Reviews (highest level of evidence):

    Midwife-Led vs. Obstetrician-Led Perinatal Care for Low-Risk Pregnancies: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis of 1.4 Million Pregnancies (2024)

    What do Safety and Risk Mean to Women Who Choose Home Birth? (2025)

    Planned Home Birth as a Safe Alternative to Hospital Birth for Low Risk Women

    The Skills of Midwives (2023)

    Hopefully, this makes you feel confident in your decision to birth at home. I also hope that you don’t feel the need to prove to others why you’ve made the best decision, but if you do, here is some legitimate evidence.

    Also these all pertain to low-risk pregnancies, and we are constantly making sure you are still low-risk. If you fail to be during pregnancy, labor and birth or postpartum, we will transfer care to a higher level facility (the hospital).